By the sixth century, the Tubo tribe had already developed into a slave society and was ruled by the thirty-first Tsanpo, Takri Nyansik. The Tubos had, by this time, amassed considerable economic and political might, and Takri Nyansik's time was spent in preparation for the establishment of a royal dynasty. The third of the Seven Wise Men, Ngornang Tsanmang, made his appearance as production developed to a higher stage. The minister of Takri Nyansik, his main contributions were teaching the people how to prepare charcoal for use in smelting metals, the introduction of silver, cop-per and iron smelting, the invention of harnessing oxen with wooden yokes so as to make use of animal force. With the improvement of implements and the use of metal in weaponry along with the development of the economy, the Tubo tribe became a threat to the security of nearby tribes. In some cases, the subjects of certain tribes in fear of the Tubo's strength came to surrender in secrecy. The most well-known of these plots was the famous conquest of the Sumba people by the Sumba ministers Nyang Tseng-gu and Wa Yitsal who secretly made their way to Chingwar Taktse in the Yarlung valley and brought the Sumba tribe into an alliance with Takri Nyansik.

Takri Nyansik was succeeded by his son Namri Songtsan, the thirty-second Tsanpo, who was desirous of conquering the nearby tribes with all speed. He set out to the north with his troops to extend his territory, but while he was meeting with success in his expansion campaign, trouble arose within the Tubo tribe itself. Consequently, Namri Songtsan was poisoned by his own former nobles, and thus the weighty burden of unifying the plateau fell on the shoulders of his son, Songtsan Gampo.

Songtsan Gampo became the thirty-third Tsanpo of the Tubo tribe at the age of thirteen. A promising youth, he had some powerful ministers as advisors. His first task was to deal with internal disturbances and consolidate his royal power, He moved his capital to Lhasa, and then developed the economy, promulgated laws, systematized the army, divided the area under his control into military and administrative areas, appointed officials and sent out generals to take charge of other tribes, and established the centralized political power of the Tubo slave owners. Thus appeared the first dynasty in Tibetan history the Tubo Dynasty.

Songtsan Gampo pacified the whole of Tibet and developed agriculture and animal husbandry. Live-stock numbers increased, with yaks and sheep scattered all over the open country, and cultivated land flourished, as methods for preventing drought and draining out waterlogged fields were introduced.